Monaca, Pa. - I-Shell Chemical ikholelwa ukuba ifumene ikamva lemarike ye-polyethylene resin kunxweme loMlambo i-Ohio ngaphandle kwePittsburgh.
Kulapho abakwaShell bakha khona i-petrochemicals complex complex eya kusebenzisa i-ethane esuka kwirhasi ye-shale eveliswe kwi-Marcellus kunye ne-Utica basin ukwenza malunga ne-3.5 yeebhiliyoni zeeponti ze-PE resin ngonyaka.Ikhompleksi iya kubandakanya iiyunithi zokulungisa ezine, i-ethane cracker kunye neeyunithi ezintathu ze-PE.
Le projekthi, ebekwe kwi-386 acres eMonaca, iya kuba yiprojekthi yokuqala yepetrochemicals yase-US eyakhiwe ngaphandle kweGulf Coast yaseTexas naseLouisana kwiminyaka emininzi.Imveliso kulindeleke ukuba iqale ekuqaleni koo-2020.
"Ndisebenze kwishishini iminyaka kwaye andikaze ndiyibone into enje," umkhokeli wokudibanisa ishishini uMichael Marr uxelele iPlastiki News kutyelelo lwakutsha nje eMonaca.
Abasebenzi abangaphezu kwama-6,000 babekwisiza ekuqaleni kukaOktobha.Uninzi lwabasebenzi luvela kwindawo yasePittsburgh, uMarr uthe, kodwa abanye babo basebenza ngezakhono ezifana nombane, i-welders kunye ne-pipefitters baye bangeniswa eBaltimore, Philadelphia, Cleveland, Buffalo, NY, nangaphaya.
AbakwaShell bakhethe isiza ebutsheni buka-2012, ngolwakhiwo oluqale ekupheleni kuka-2017. UMarr uthe isiza saseMonaca sikhethwe hayi nje ukufikelela kwiidiphozithi zerhasi ye-shale, kodwa ngenxa yokufikelela kumgaqo omkhulu womlambo kunye noohola beendlela.
Ezinye iziqwenga ezikhulu zezixhobo ezifunekayo kwisityalo, kubandakanywa inqaba yokupholisa ye-285-foot, ziye zaziswa kuMlambo waseOhio.“Awunakuzisa ezinye zezi ndawo ngololiwe okanye kwilori,” utshilo uMarr.
I-Shell isuse induli yonke - i-7.2 yezigidi zeeyubhiki zeeyadi zokungcola - ukudala umhlaba othe tyaba owaneleyo wendawo.Indawo ngaphambili yayisetyenziselwa ukusetyenzwa kwe-zinc yi-Horsehead Corp., kwaye isiseko esele sikhona kweso sityalo "sisinike isiqalo sentloko kunyawo," wongezelela uMarr.
I-ethane eya kuthi uShell ayiguqule ibe yi-ethylene kwaye emva koko ibe yi-PE resin iyakungeniswa ukusuka kwimisebenzi ye-Shell shale eWashington County, Pa., naseCadiz, eOhio.Umthamo wonyaka wokuvelisa i-ethylene kwisiza uya kudlula i-3 yeebhiliyoni zeeponti.
"Amashumi asixhenxe eepesenti eziguquli zepolyethylene zase-US ziphakathi kweekhilomitha ezingama-700 zesityalo," utshilo uMarr."Zininzi iindawo apho sinokuthengisa khona kumbhobho kunye neengubo kunye neefilimu kunye nezinye iimveliso."
Abenzi abaninzi baseMntla Melika be-PE bavule amaziko amatsha amakhulu kwi-US Gulf Coast kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo ukuze bathabathe ithuba lokutya kwe-shale enexabiso eliphantsi.Amagosa akwaShell athi indawo yeprojekthi yabo e-Appalachia iya kuyinika izibonelelo ekuthumeleni nasekuhambiseni amaxesha kwiindawo eziseTexas naseLouisiana.
Amagosa akwaShell athi ama-80 ekhulwini eenxalenye nomsebenzi wokwakha lo msebenzi mkhulu uvela eUnited States.
I-petrochemicals complex ye-Shell Chemicals ebekwe kwiihektare ezingama-386 eMonaca, iya kuba yiprojekthi yokuqala yepetrochemicals yase-US eyakhiwe ngaphandle kweGulf Coast yaseTexas naseLouisiana kwiminyaka emininzi.
EMntla Melika, uShell uya kusebenza kunye nabasasazi beresin iBamberger Polymers Corp., iGenesis Polymers kunye neShaw Polymers LLC ukuthengisa i-PE eyenziwe kwindawo.
UJames Ray, umhlalutyi wemarike kunye nefemu ebonisana ne-ICIS eHouston, uthe uShell "ukwimeko yokuba mhlawumbi ngoyena mvelisi we-PE onengeniso kwihlabathi jikelele, ekusenokwenzeka ukuba unexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu lelifa le-feedstock deal kunye nokusebenza kwemveliso kanye kumnyango wabathengi babo. "
“Ngelixa [uShell] beza kuthumela ngaphandle inxalenye efanelekileyo yemveliso yabo, ekuhambeni kwexesha iya kusetyenziswa ikakhulu ngabathengi bengingqi,” wongeze watsho.
UShell "kufuneka abe nenzuzo yomthwalo kumantla-mpuma kunye nombindi wemarike, kwaye banenzuzo yeendleko ze-ethane," ngokukaRobert Bauman, umongameli wePolymer Consulting International Inc. e-Ardley, NY Kodwa wongeze ukuba uShell unokucelwa umngeni kwi-resin. amaxabiso ngabanye ababoneleli abasele bekwimarike.
Iprojekthi yakwaShell itsalele ingqwalasela kummandla wephondo elinesithathu eOhio, ePennsylvania naseWest Virginia.I-resin efanayo kunye ne-feedstocks joint venture e-Dilles Bottom, e-Ohio, ihlalutywa yi-PTT Global Chemical Chemical yaseThailand kunye ne-Daelim Industrial Co. yaseMzantsi Korea.
Kwinkomfa ye-GPS ye-2019 ngoJuni, amagosa kunye neqela le-Shale Crescent USA Trade bathi i-85 yepesenti yokukhula kwegesi yendalo yase-US ukusuka kwi-2008-18 yenzeke kwi-Ohio Valley.
Lo mmandla "uvelisa irhasi yendalo eninzi kuneTexas enesiqingatha somhlaba," utshilo umphathi weshishini uNathan Lord.Ummandla "usekelwe phezulu kwi-feedstock kunye naphakathi kwabathengi," wongezelela, "kwaye inani elikhulu labemi base-US lingaphakathi kosuku olunye lokuqhuba."
INkosi iphinde icaphune isifundo se-2018 esivela kwi-IHS Markit ebonisa ukuba i-Ohio Valley inenzuzo yeendleko ze-23 ekhulwini kwi-PE vs.
UMongameli we-Pittsburgh Regional Alliance uMark Thomas uthe impembelelo yezoqoqosho ye-Shell yeebhiliyoni zeedola zotyalo-mali kummandla "yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kwaye ifuthe layo lithe ngqo, lingathanga ngqo kwaye libangelwa."
“Ukwakhiwa kweli ziko kubeka amawakawaka abantu abachwepheshile abanobuchule ukuba basebenze yonke imihla, kwaye nje ukuba umzi-mveliso ukwi-intanethi, kuya kubakho imisebenzi ehlawula kakuhle engama-600 edaliweyo ukuxhasa imisebenzi yayo,” wongeze watsho.“Ngaphaya koko kukho amathuba abanzi ezoqoqosho anxulunyaniswa neendawo zokutyela ezintsha, iihotele kunye namanye amashishini anxulumene nale projekthi, ngoku nakwixesha elizayo.
"I-Shell ibe liqabane elifanelekileyo lokusebenza kunye kwaye inikezela impembelelo ejoliswe kuluntu enenzuzo. Akunakungahoywa utyalo-mali lwalo kuluntu - ngakumbi ezo zinxulumene nokuphuhlisa abasebenzi ngokubambisana neekholeji zethu zoluntu."
AbakwaShell bala ukuxela iindleko zeprojekthi, nangona uqikelelo lwabacebisi lususela kwi-6 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ukuya kwi-10 yeebhiliyoni zeedola.Urhuluneli wasePennsylvania uTom Wolf uthe iprojekthi yakwaShell yeyona ndawo inkulu yotyalo-mali ePennsylvania ukusukela kwiMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi.
Ubuncinci iikhreyini ezingama-50 bezisebenza kwisiza ekuqaleni kukaOkthobha.UMarr uthe ngaxa lithile indawo ibisebenzisa iikhreyini ezili-150.Enye imalunga neemitha ezingama-690 ubude, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibeyeyesibini ngobukhulu emhlabeni.
AbakwaShell basebenzisa ngokupheleleyo ubuchwephesha kwesi siza, besebenzisa iidrone kunye neerobhothi ukujonga imibhobho kunye nokubonelela ngeembono zasemoyeni zesixhobo sokuhlola.Isigebenga solwakhiwo lwehlabathi i-Bechtel Corp. liqabane eliphambili le-Shell kwiprojekthi.
UShell naye uye wabandakanyeka kuluntu lwasekuhlaleni, wanikela nge-1 yezigidi zeedola ukudala iZiko leShell leNkqubo yeTekhnoloji kwiKholeji yoLuntu yaseBeaver County.Eli ziko ngoku libonelela ngesidanga setekhnoloji yeminyaka emibini.Ifemu iphinde ibonelele ngesibonelelo seedola ezingama-250,000 ukuvumela iPennsylvania College of Technology eWilliamsport, Pa., Ukufumana umatshini wokubumba ojikelezayo.
UShell ulindele malunga nama-600 emisebenzi kwisiza xa isakhiwo sigqityiwe.Ukongeza kwii-reactors, izibonelelo ezakhiwayo kwesi siza ziquka i-900-foot cooling tower, indawo kaloliwe kunye neendawo zokulayishwa kweelori, indawo yokucoca amanzi, isakhiwo seofisi kunye nelebhu.
Isiza siza kuba nomatshini waso wokudibanisa okwaziyo ukuvelisa iimegawathi ezingama-250 zombane.Imigqomo yokucoca ukuveliswa kweresin yafakwa ngo-Epreli.UMarr uthe inyathelo elikhulu elilandelayo eliza kwenziwa kwisiza liya kuba kukwakha umda walo wombane kunye nokudibanisa amacandelo ahlukeneyo esiza ngothungelwano lwemibhobho.
Nanjengoko igqibezela umsebenzi kwiprojekthi eya kwandisa unikezelo lwe-PE kummandla, uMarr uthe uShell uyayazi inkxalabo ngongcoliseko lweplastiki, ngakumbi ezo zibandakanya iimveliso zeplastiki ezisetyenziswa kanye.Ifemu yayililungu eliseka i-Alliance to End Plastic Waste, iqela lemizi-mveliso etyala imali eyi-1.5 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ukunciphisa inkunkuma yeplastiki kwihlabathi jikelele.Ekuhlaleni, uShell usebenza neBeaver County ukukhulisa iinkqubo zokurisayikilisha kwingingqi.
Siyazi ukuba inkunkuma yeplastiki ayikho elwandle,” utshilo uMarr."Ukuhlaziywa okungaphezulu kuyafuneka kwaye kufuneka siseke uqoqosho olujikelezayo."
UShell ukwasebenzisa amaziko amathathu amakhulu epetrochemical eUnited States, eDeer Park, eTexas;kunye noNorco noGeismar eLouisiana.Kodwa iMonaca iphawula ukubuya kwiiplastiki: ifemu yayiphumile kwintengiso yeeplastiki zemveliso ngaphezulu kweminyaka elishumi eyadlulayo.
I-Shell Chemical, iyunithi yenkampani yamandla yehlabathi i-Royal Dutch Shell, yasungula uphawu lwayo lwe-Shell Polymers ngoMeyi 2018 kumboniso wezorhwebo we-NPE2018 e-Orlando, Fla. I-Shell Chemical isekelwe e-Hague, e-Netherlands, kunye nekomkhulu lase-US e-Houston.
Ingaba unalo uluvo malunga neli bali?Ingaba unazo iingcinga ongathanda ukwabelana ngazo nabafundi bethu?Iindaba zePlastiki zingathanda ukuva kuwe.Thumela ileta yakho kuMhleli apha [i-imeyile ekhuselweyo]
IiNdaba zePlastiki zibandakanya ishishini lemveliso yeplastiki yehlabathi.Sinika ingxelo ngeendaba, siqokelela idatha kwaye sinikezela ngolwazi olusexesheni olunika abafundi bethu ithuba lokukhuphisana.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-30-2019