Ukusuka kwiBand yeSizwe ukuya kwiTravis Bean, uJames Trussart, njl., umzimba kunye nentamo yegitala zonke zenziwe ngentsimbi kwaye zinembali ephantse ibe yinkulungwane.Sijoyine kwaye uzobe imbali yabo.
Phambi kokuba siqale, masisombulule iingxaki ezithile kuqala.Ukuba ufuna ulwazi olunengqiqo malunga nezinyithi ezinxulumene neenwele ezinde kunye nenkunkuma egqithisileyo, nceda ushiye xa unexesha.Ubuncinci kulo msebenzi, sisebenzisa kuphela isinyithi njengesixhobo sokwenza iigitala.
Uninzi lweziginkci ubukhulu becala zenziwe ngamaplanga.Uyakwazi oko.Ngokwesiqhelo, ekuphela kwentsimbi oya kuyibona iqulethwe kwigridi yepiyano, ii-pickups, kunye ne-hardware ethile efana neebhulorho, iityhuna, kunye neebhanti zebhanti.Mhlawumbi kukho iipleyiti ezimbalwa, mhlawumbi kukho amaqhina.Kakade ke, kukho nomculo womtya.Kungcono ukuba ungawalibali.
Kuyo yonke imbali yezixhobo zethu zomculo, abanye abantu abanesibindi baye bahamba phambili, kwaye kwezinye iimeko nangaphezulu.Ibali lethu liqala eCalifornia ngeminyaka yoo-1920.Phakathi kwelo shumi leminyaka, uJohn Dopera kunye nabazalwana bakhe baseka iNational Corporation eLos Angeles.Yena noGeorge Beauchamp basenokuba babambisene ukuyila ikatala yeresonator, eyigalelo leSizwe ekufuneni umthamo omkhulu.
Phantse kwinkulungwane emva kokuqaliswa kwe-resonator, i-resonator iseyeyona ndlela idumileyo yegitare yentsimbi.Yonke imifanekiso: Eleanor Jane
UGeorge yi-Texan juggler guitarist kwaye unomdla wokucula, ngoku uhlala eLos Angeles kwaye usebenzela iSizwe.Njengabadlali abaninzi ngelo xesha, wayenomdla kukwazi ukwenza umphezulu osicaba osicaba kunye neegitare zokuqubuda zivakala kakhulu.Abaninzi begitare abadlala kwiibhendi zabo bonke ubukhulu bafuna ukuba nevolumu ephezulu kunokuba izixhobo ezikhoyo zinokubonelela.
Isiginkci esivakalayo esaqanjwa nguGeorge nabahlobo bakhe sisixhobo esothusayo.Yaphuma ngo-1927 inomzimba wentsimbi emenyezelayo.Ngaphakathi, ngokuxhomekeke kwimodeli, iSizwe siqhagamshele idiski enye okanye ezintathu zentsimbi ezibhityileyo okanye iicones phantsi kwebhulorho.Zisebenza njengezithethi ezisebenza ngoomatshini, ziveza isandi seentambo, kwaye zibonelela ngesandi esinamandla nesahlukileyo kwikatala yeresonator.Ngelo xesha, ezinye iimpawu ezifana neDobro kunye neRegal nazo zenza i-resonators yomzimba wesinyithi.
Kude kude nekomkhulu lesizwe, u-Adolph Rickenbacker uqhuba inkampani yokubumba, apho yenza imizimba yesinyithi kunye neecones ze-resonator zeSizwe.UGeorge Beauchamp, uPaul Barth kunye no-Adolph basebenze kunye ukudibanisa iingcamango zabo ezintsha kwiigita zombane.Baseka iRo-Pat-In ekupheleni kuka-1931, ngaphambi nje kokuba uGeorge noPaul bagxothwe nguZwelonke.
Ngehlobo le-1932, i-Ro-Pat-In yaqala ukuvelisa iimveliso ze-electroformed aluminium ze-electronic for cast steel performance.Umdlali ubeka isixhobo ethangeni lakhe aze atyibilikise intonga yentsimbi kumtya, odla ngokulungiswa kumtya ovulekileyo.Ukusukela ngeminyaka yee-1920s, zimbalwa izangqa zentsimbi eziye zaduma, kwaye esi sixhobo sisathandwa kakhulu.Kuyafaneleka ukuba kugxininiswe ukuba igama elithi "intsimbi" ayikho ngenxa yokuba ezi ziginci zenziwe ngesinyithi-kunjalo, iigitare ezininzi zenziwe ngamaplanga ngaphandle kwe-Electros-kodwa ngenxa yokuba zibanjwe ngabadlali abaneentonga zetsimbi.Ndasebenzisa isandla sam sasekhohlo ukumisa iintambo eziphakanyisiweyo.
I-brand ye-Electro yavela kwi-Rickenbacker.Malunga ne-1937, baqala ukwenza intsimbi emincinci efana nekatala kwintsimbi yesitampu (idla ngokuba yi-chrome-plated brass), kwaye ekugqibeleni bacinga ukuba i-aluminiyam yayiyinto engafanelekanga kuba wonke umenzi wegitare uya kusetyenziswa njenge-Metal.Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yesixhobo kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo.I-aluminium kwintsimbi iyanda phantsi kweemeko eziphezulu zokushisa (umzekelo, phantsi kokukhanya kwesiteji), okuhlala kubenza bangabonakali.Ukususela ngoko, umahluko kwindlela ukhuni kunye nentsimbi eguquka ngayo ngenxa yeqondo lokushisa kunye nomswakama iye yanele ngokwaneleyo ukuvumela abavelisi abaninzi kunye nabadlali ukuba bahambe ngokukhawuleza ukusuka kwelinye icala legitare (ingakumbi intamo) edibanisa izinto ezimbini.baleka.
UGibson naye wasebenzisa ngokufutshane i-aluminium ephosiweyo njengegitala yakhe yokuqala yombane, eyi-Hawaiian Electric E-150 steel, eyaphuma ekupheleni kwe-1935. Uyilo lomzimba wesinyithi ngokucacileyo luhambelana nokubonakala kunye nesitayela se-Rickenbackers, kodwa kuvela. ukuba le ndlela ayinakwenzeka.Kukwanjalo nakuGibson.Ekuqaleni konyaka wesibini, uGibson waphendukela kwindawo eqondakalayo waza wazisa inguqulelo entsha kunye nomzimba weplanga (kunye negama elahlukileyo kancinane EH-150).
Ngoku, siye satsibela koo-1970, siseseCalifornia, kwaye ngelo xesha xa ubhedu lwaba yinto yehardware ngenxa yento ebizwa ngokuba bubulunga obuzinzileyo.Ngelo xesha, uTravis Bean waqalisa iqela lakhe ukusuka e-Sun Valley, eCalifornia ngo-1974 kunye namaqabane akhe uMarc McElwee (uMarc McElwee) noGary Kramer (uGary Kramer).Igitare yentamo yeAluminiyam.Nangona kunjalo, wayengenguye owokuqala ukusebenzisa i-aluminiyam kwisakhiwo sentamo yanamhlanje.Iwonga lelikaWandrè guitar yaseItali.
Zombini i-Kramer DMZ 2000 kunye neTravis Bean Standard ukusuka kwi-1970s zineentamo ze-aluminiyam kwaye ziyafumaneka ukuze zithengwe kwifandesi yegitare elandelayo ye-Gardiner Houlgate ngo-Matshi 10, 2021.
Ukususela ekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1950 ukuya koo-1960, u-Antonio Wandrè Pioli wayila waza wavelisa uluhlu lweziginkci ezigqwesileyo ezibalaseleyo ezineempawu zoyilo eziphawulekayo, kuquka i-Rock Oval (eyaziswa malunga no-1958) kunye ne-Scarabeo (1965).Izixhobo zakhe zivela phantsi kwamagama eemveliso ezahlukeneyo, kuquka iWandrè, iFramez, iDavoli, iNoble kunye ne-Orpheum, kodwa ukongeza kwimilo ebalaseleyo kaPioli, kukho izinto ezinomdla zesakhiwo, kubandakanya necandelo lentamo ye-aluminium.Olona guqulelo lungcono lunentamo, equlathe ityhubhu ye-aluminiyam enesiqingatha esisetyhubhu ekhokelela kwisitokhwe esifana nesakhelo, kunye nebhodi yeminwe ephothiweyo, kunye nesigqubuthelo seplastiki esingasemva sinikezelwe ukunika imvakalelo yokuguda okufanelekileyo.
Isiginci seWandrè sanyamalala ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1960, kodwa umbono wentamo ye-aluminium waphinda waphuhliswa ngenkxaso kaTravis Bean.UTravis Bean wakhupha umngxuma omninzi wentamo kwaye wenza into awayeyibiza ngokuba yi-chassis ye-aluminiyam ngentamo.Kubandakanya i-headboard ene-T ene-pickups kunye nebhuloho, yonke inkqubo igqitywe ngumzimba wokhuni.Uthe oku kubonelela ngokuqina okuhambelanayo kwaye ngoko ke i-ductility enhle, kwaye ubunzima obongezelelweyo bunciphisa ukungcangcazela.Nangona kunjalo, ishishini lalihlala ixesha elifutshane kwaye uTravis Bean wayeka ukusebenza ngo-1979. I-Travis yabonakala ngokufutshane kwi-90s yokugqibela, kwaye i-Travis Bean Designs esanda kuvuselelwa isasebenza eFlorida.Kwangaxeshanye, e-Irondale, e-Alabama, inkampani yegita yombane ephenjelelwa nguTravis Bean nayo igcina ilangatye liphila.
UGary Kramer, iqabane likaTravis, wahamba ngo-1976, waseka inkampani yakhe, kwaye waqala ukusebenza kwiprojekthi yentamo ye-aluminium.UGary usebenze nomenzi wegitala uFilipu Petillo kwaye wenza utshintsho oluthile.Wafaka into eyenziwe ngomthi emva kwentamo yakhe ukoyisa ukugxekwa kwentsimbi yentamo kaTravis Bean eziva ebanda, kwaye wasebenzisa i-fingerboard eyenziwe ngesandalwood.Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yee-1980, uKramer wanikela ngentamo yomthi yendabuko njengendlela yokukhetha, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe, i-aluminium ilahlwa.Ukuvuselelwa kukaHenry Vaccaro kunye noPhilip Petillo kwakusuka eKramer ukuya eVaccaro kwaye kwahlala phakathi kwe-90 ukuya kwi-2002.
Isiginci sikaJohn Veleno siya phambili, phantse yonke into eyenziwe nge-aluminium engenanto, enentamo ephosiweyo kunye nomzimba owenziwe ngesandla.Ikomkhulu eSt. Petersburg, eFlorida, iVeleno yaqalisa ukuvelisa izixhobo zayo zomculo ezingaqhelekanga malunga nowe-1970, yaze yagqiba ukuveliswa kwezi zixhobo ngemibala eqaqambileyo ye-anodized, kuquka imifuziselo yegolide.Ezinye zazo zinetafile esecaleni kwebhedi emile okwe-V enamatye anqabileyo abomvu aqatywe kuyo.Emva kokwenza iikatala ezimalunga ne-185, wayeka ngowe-1977.
Emva kokuqhawula kunye noTravis Bean, uGary Kramer kwafuneka alungise uyilo lwakhe ukuze aphephe ukuphulwa kwelungelo lomenzi.I-iconic Travis Bean headstock inokubonwa ngasekunene
Omnye umenzi wesiko osebenzisa i-aluminium ngendlela yobuntu nguTony Zemaitis, umakhi waseBritane osekelwe eKent.Xa u-Eric Clapton wacebisa ukuba uTony enze iigitare zesilivere, waqala ukwenza izixhobo zepaneli zentsimbi.Waphuhlisa imodeli ngokugquma umphambili wonke womzimba ngeepleyiti zealuminiyam.Uninzi lwemisebenzi kaTony ibonisa umsebenzi womzobi webhola uDanny O'Brien, kwaye uyilo lwakhe oluhle lunika inkangeleko eyahlukileyo.Njengeminye imodeli yombane kunye ne-acoustic, uTony waqala ukwenza i-Zemaitis metal front guitars malunga ne-1970, de kube ngumhlalaphantsi wakhe ngo-2000. Wafa kwi-2002.
UJames Trussart wenze umsebenzi omninzi ukugcina iimpawu ezizodwa ezinokubonelela ngesinyithi ekwenzeni ikatala yanamhlanje.Wazalelwa eFransi, kamva wafudukela eUnited States, kwaye ekugqibeleni wazinza eLos Angeles, apho ebesebenza iminyaka engaphezu kwama-20.Waqhubeka esenza iigitare zentsimbi kunye neevayolin kwimigqibelo eyahlukeneyo, edibanisa inkangeleko yesinyithi yeeresonator guitar kunye nomoya onomhlwa kunye nobhedu oomatshini abalahliweyo.
UBilly Gibbons (uBilly Gibbons) ucebise igama letekhnoloji ye-Rust-O-Matic, uYakobi wabeka umzimba wegitala kwindawo yokubeka iiveki ezimbalwa, kwaye ekugqibeleni wayigqiba ngedyasi yesatin ecacileyo.Iipateni ezininzi zegitare ye-Trussart okanye uyilo luprintwe kumzimba wentsimbi (okanye kwipleyiti yokugada okanye i-headstock), kubandakanywa ukhakhayi kunye nemizobo yesizwe, okanye ukuthungwa kwesikhumba sengwenya okanye izixhobo zezityalo.
I-Trussart ayiyena kuphela i-luthier yesiFrentshi efake imizimba yesinyithi kwizakhiwo zakhe - uLoic Le Pape kunye noMeloDuende bobabini bavele kula maphepha kwixesha elidlulileyo, nangona ngokungafaniyo neTrussart, bahlala eFransi.
Kwezinye iindawo, abavelisi ngamanye amaxesha banikezela ngeemveliso zombane eziqhelekileyo ezigqwethekileyo zentsimbi ezingaqhelekanga, ezinje ngekhulu leminyaka yee-90s zeStrat eziveliswe yiFender ezinemizimba yealuminiyam engenanto.Kubekho iigitare ezingaqhelekanga ezinentsimbi njengengundoqo, njengeSynthAxe ehlala ixesha elifutshane kwi-1980s.Umzimba wayo oqingqiweyo we-fiberglass usetwe kwi-chassis yentsimbi.
Ukusuka kwi-K&F ngeminyaka yee-1940s (ngokufutshane) ukuya kwi-fingerboards ye-Vigier yangoku engenazingxaki, kukwakho ne-fingerboards zentsimbi.Kwaye eminye imihombiso igqityiwe enokuthi inike inkangeleko yombane yoqobo yeplanga yentsimbi enomtsalane-umzekelo, iJet ye-Gretsch's 50s yeSilver Jet ehonjiswe ngamagubu akhazimlayo, okanye yaziswa ngo-1990 i-A JS2 eyahlukileyo yemodeli yaseJbanez esayinwe nguJoe Satriani.
I-JS2 yoqobo yarhoxiswa ngokukhawuleza kuba kwakucacile ukuba phantse akunakwenzeka ukuvelisa i-chrome yokugquma ngeziphumo zokhuseleko.I-Chromium iya kuwa emzimbeni kwaye yenze iintanda, ezingafanelekanga.Umzi-mveliso we-Fujigen ubonakala ugqibe ii-guitar ezisixhenxe ze-chrome-plated ze-JS2 ze-Ibanez, ezintathu zazo zanikwa uJoe, oye kwafuneka abeke i-tape ecacileyo kwizithuba kwimizekelo yakhe eyintandokazi ukukhusela i-Cracked skin.
Ngokwesiko, uFujigen wazama ukugquma umzimba ngokuwuntywilisela kwisisombululo, kodwa oku kwaphumela kugqabhuko-dubulo olukhulu.Bazama i-vacuum plating, kodwa igesi ngaphakathi kwiplanga yayiphelile ngenxa yoxinzelelo, kwaye i-chromium yajika yaba ngumbala we-nickel.Ukongezelela, abasebenzi baye batyhwatyhwe ngumbane xa bezama ukupolisha loo mveliso igqityiweyo.U-Ibanez wayengenayo enye indlela, kwaye i-JS2 yarhoxiswa.Nangona kunjalo, bekukho iintlelo ezilinganiselweyo ezimbini eziyimpumelelo kamva: i-JS10th ngo-1998 kunye ne-JS2PRM ngo-2005.
U-Ulrich Teuffel wenze iigitala kumazantsi eJamani ukusukela ngo-1995. Imodeli yakhe ye-Birdfish ayibonakali njengesixhobo somculo esiqhelekileyo.Isakhelo saso se-aluminium-plated sisebenzisa ingcamango ye-hardware yentsimbi yendabuko kwaye idibanisa iGuqulela ibe yinto engekho."Intaka" kunye ne "intlanzi" egameni zizinto ezimbini zetsimbi ezibophelela kuyo imicu yokhuni: intaka yindawo engaphambili eboshiweyo.Intlanzi yinxalenye engasemva yolawulo pod.Isiporo phakathi kwezi zimbini silungisa i-pickup ehambayo.
“Ngokwembono yentanda-bulumko, ndiyawuthanda umbono wokuvumela izinto zokuqala zibekwistudiyo sam, ndenze izinto zobugqi apha, emva koko kuphume isiginci,” utshilo u-Ulrich."Ndicinga ukuba i-Birdfish sisixhobo somculo, izisa uhambo oluthile kuye wonke umntu oyidlalayo. Kuba ikuxelela indlela yokwenza isiginci."
Ibali lethu liphela ngesangqa esipheleleyo, sibuyela apho saqala khona ngesiginkci sokuqala seresonator ngeminyaka yoo-1920.Iigitala ezithathwe kwesi siko zibonelela ngemisebenzi emininzi yangoku yezakhiwo zomzimba wesinyithi, ezifana neempawu ezifana ne-Ashbury, Gretsch, Ozark kunye neRecording King, kunye neemodeli zanamhlanje ezivela kwiDobro, Regal kunye neSizwe, kunye neResophonic efana ne-ule sub in. eMichigan.
ULoic Le Pape yenye iluthier yesiFrentshi esebenza ngentsimbi.Unobuchule bokwakha ngokutsha izixhobo zomthi ezindala ezinemizimba yentsimbi.
UMike Lewis weFine Resophonic eParis wenze iigitare zentsimbi iminyaka engama-30.Usebenzisa ubhedu, isilivere yaseJamani, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha intsimbi.UMike wathi: “Akungenxa yokuba omnye wabo ungcono,” kodwa banamazwi ahluke kakhulu."Ngokomzekelo, uhlobo oludala lwe-0 luhlala lubhedu, i-ethnic double-stranded okanye i-Triolian ihlala yenziwe ngentsimbi, kwaye ininzi ye-Tricones endala yenziwe ngesilivere yaseJamani kunye ne-nickel alloys. Banikezela izandi ezintathu ezihluke ngokupheleleyo. ."
Yintoni eyona nto imbi kunye neyona nto ilungileyo malunga nokusebenza ngentsimbi yesiginci namhlanje?"Imeko embi kakhulu ingaba xa unikezela isiginci phezu kwe-nickel plated kwaye bayayichitha. Oku kunokwenzeka. Eyona nto ingcono kukuba unokwenza lula imilo yesiqhelo ngaphandle kwezixhobo ezininzi. Ukuthenga isinyithi akukho naziphi na izithintelo. " Waqukumbela uMike, ehleka, "Umzekelo, ibrasi yaseBrazil. Kodwa xa iintambo zivuliwe, ihlala ilungile. Ndiyakwazi ukudlala."
I-Guitar.com lelona gunya liphambili kunye nesixhobo kuzo zonke iindawo zikatala emhlabeni.Sinikezela ngemibono kunye nokuqonda malunga nezixhobo, amagcisa, itekhnoloji kunye neshishini lesiginci kuzo zonke iintlobo kunye namanqanaba ezakhono.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-11-2021