Ekuqaleni kujoliswe ikakhulu kwi-extrusion, ukhetho olutsha lwee-composites zomthi-plastiki ziye zaphuculwa ukuvula iingcango zezicelo zokubumba inaliti.
Ukubumba ii-WPCs, i-pellet efanelekileyo kufuneka ibe malunga nobukhulu be-BB encinci kwaye ijikelezwe ukufezekisa umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo womphezulu ukuya kumthamo.
Luke's Toy Factory, Danbury, Conn., Yayikhangela imathiriyeli yebiocomposite yeelori zayo zokudlala kunye noololiwe.Ifemu yayifuna into enenkangeleko yomthi wendalo kunye nokuziva okunokuthi kwakhona kufakwe inaliti ukwenza iindawo zesithuthi.Babefuna into enokufakwa imibala ukuze baphephe ingxaki yokuxobula ipeyinti.Kwakhona babefuna into eyayiza kuhlala ixesha elide nokuba ishiywe ngaphandle.IGreen Dot's Terratek WC iyazifezekisa zonke ezi mfuno.Idibanisa amaplanga kunye neplastiki esetyenzisiweyo kwi-pellet encinci elungele kakuhle ukubumba inaliti.
Ngelixa imidibaniso yeplasitiki yeplasitiki (WPCs) yaphuka kwindawo yexhwayelo ngo-1990s njengemathiriyeli eye yakhutshelwa ikakhulu kwiibhodi zokuhombisa kunye nokubiyelwa, ukwenziwa ngcono kwezi mathiriyeli zokubumba inaliti ukusukela ngoko kuye kwatshintsha kakhulu usetyenziso lwazo olunokubakho njengemathiriyeli ehlala ixesha elide kwaye ezinzileyo.Ukuvumelana nokusingqongileyo luphawu olunomtsalane lwee-WPCs.Ziza nekhabhoni esezantsi kakhulu kunezixhobo ezisekwe kwipetroleum kwaye zinokuqulunqwa kusetyenziswa imicu yomthi ebuyiselweyo kuphela.
Uluhlu olubanzi lwezinto onokukhetha kuzo kwi-WPC formulations ivula amathuba amatsha kwizibumba.Izitokhwe zeplastiki ezisetyenzisiweyo ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye nezonakaliswa ngebhayoloji zingaphucula ngakumbi ukuzinza kwezi mathiriyeli.Kukho inani elonyukayo leenketho zobuhle, ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe ngokuhlukahluka kweentlobo zokhuni kunye nobukhulu beentlobo zokhuni kwi-composite.Ngamafutshane, ukwenziwa ngcono kokubumba inaliti kunye noluhlu olukhulayo lokhetho olufumanekayo kwiicompounders kuthetha ukuba ii-WPCs zizixhobo eziguquguqukayo kakhulu kunokuba bekucingelwa.
OKUMELE KULINDELELWE NGUMBUMBA KUBAXINISI Inani elandayo leekhompawundi ngoku libonelela ngee-WPCs ngendlela yeepellet.Izibumba zokutofa kufuneka ziqaphele xa kufikwa kwizinto ezilindelekileyo ezivela kwiicompounders kwiindawo ezimbini ngokukodwa: ubukhulu bepellet kunye nomxholo wokufuma.
Ngokungafaniyo xa ukhupha iiWPC zokuhombisa kunye nokubiyelwa, ubungakanani bepellet efanayo yokunyibilika kubalulekile ekubumbeni.Ekubeni i-extruders ayinakukhathazeka ngokuzalisa i-WPC yabo ibe ngumbumba, imfuno yesayizi ye-pellet efanayo ayikho enkulu.Yiyo loo nto, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba isihlanganisi sineemfuno zenaliti yokubumba engqondweni, kwaye ayijoliswanga kakhulu kwezona ndlela zakuqala kwaye ekuqaleni zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwii-WPCs.
Xa iipellet zinkulu kakhulu ziye zithande ukunyibilika ngokungalinganiyo, zidale ukukhuhlana okongezelelekileyo, kwaye zikhokelela kwimveliso ekumgangatho ophantsi ngokwesakhiwo.I-pellet efanelekileyo kufuneka ibe malunga nobukhulu be-BB encinci kwaye ijikelezwe ukufezekisa umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo wendawo ukuya kumthamo.Le milinganiselo iququzelela ukomisa kwaye inceda ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba kakuhle kuyo yonke inkqubo yemveliso.Izibumba zokutofa ezisebenza ngeeWPCs kufuneka zilindele ukumila okufanayo kunye nokufana kwazo ezizinxulumanisa neepellet zeplastiki zesintu.
Ukomisa kukwangumgangatho obalulekileyo onokuthi ulindelwe kwiipellets ze-WPC zomxube.Amanqanaba okufuma kwi-WPCs aya kunyuka kunye nomthamo wokuzalisa iinkuni kwi-composite.Ngelixa zombini i-extruding kunye nenaliti yokubumba ifuna isiqulatho sokufuma esisezantsi seziphumo ezingcono, amanqanaba okufuma acetyiswayo angaphantsi kancinane ekubumbeni inaliti kune-extrusion.Ke kwakhona, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-compounder ithathele ingqalelo ii-molders ngexesha lokwenziwa.Ukubumba inaliti, amanqanaba okufuma kufuneka abe ngaphantsi kwe-1% ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezizezona.
Xa abaniki-nkonzo bezithathela kubo uxanduva lokuzisa imveliso esele inamanqanaba awamkelekileyo okufuma, iinaliti zokubumba zichitha ixesha elincinci zomisa iipellets ngokwazo, nto leyo enokukhokelela ekongiweni kwexesha elininzi kunye nemali.Izibumba zokutofa kufuneka zithathele ingqalelo ukuthenga ngeenxa zonke kwiipellets zeWPC ezithunyelwe ngumvelisi ezinamaqondo okufuma asele engaphantsi kwe-1%.
IFOMU NEZIXHOBO ZOKUQAPHELA Umlinganiselo womthi kwiplastiki kwifomula yeWPC uya kuba nefuthe elithile kwindlela yokuziphatha njengoko iqhubeka kwinkqubo yokuvelisa.Ipesenti yokhuni ekhoyo kwi-composite iya kuba nefuthe kwi-melt-flow index (MFI), umzekelo.Njengomthetho, ukhuni olungaphezulu olongezwa kwi-composite, i-MFI ephantsi.
Ipesenti yomthi nayo iya kuba negalelo kumandla kunye nokuqina kwemveliso.Ngokubanzi, okukhona ukhuni olongeziweyo ludityanisiwe, kokukhona imveliso iqina.Umthi unokwenza i-70% yetotali yeplastiki edityanisiweyo, kodwa ukuqina okubangelwayo kuza ngenxa yokudityaniswa kwemveliso yokugqibela, ukuya kuthi ga apho inokuthi ibe sengozini yokuba inkukuma.
Izigxina eziphezulu zomthi zikwanciphisa amaxesha omjikelezo woomatshini ngokongeza i-elementi yozinzo lwe-dimensional kwi-composite yomthi-yeplastiki njengoko iphola ekubunjeni.Oku kuqiniswa kwesakhiwo kuvumela ukuba iplastiki isuswe kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu apho iiplastiki eziqhelekileyo zisathambile kakhulu ukuba zisuswe kwiimbumba zazo.
Ukuba imveliso iya kuveliswa kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezikhoyo, ubungakanani besango kunye nemilo jikelele yokungunda kufuneka ifake kwingxoxo yobungakanani obufanelekileyo bomthi.Iqhekeza elincinci liya kuba ngcono ngakumbi ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezinamasango amancinci kunye nezandiso ezimxinwa.Ukuba ezinye izinto sele zikhokelele ukuba abaqulunqi bazinze kwisayizi enkulu yokhuni, ngoko kunokuba luncedo ukuhlengahlengisa izixhobo ezikhoyo ngokufanelekileyo.Kodwa, ngenxa yeenketho ezikhoyo zobungakanani bamasuntswana ahlukeneyo, esi siphumo kufuneka siphephe ngokupheleleyo.
UKUSEBENZA ii-WPCs Ukusetyenzwa kweenkcukacha kukwanomkhwa wokuguquguquka ngokubonakalayo ngokusekwe kukwenziwa kokugqibela kweepellets zeWPC.Ngelixa uninzi lokucutshungulwa luhlala lufana nolweeplastiki zemveli, ulungelelwaniso oluthile lomthi ukuya kwiplastiki kunye nezinye izongezo ezijoliswe ekufezekiseni inkangeleko enqwenelekayo, ukuziva, okanye ukusebenza kakuhle kunokufuna ukubalwa xa kusenziwa.
Ii-WPCs nazo ziyahambelana neearhente ezikhupha ugwebu, umzekelo.Ukongezwa kwezi arhente zogwebu kunokudala izinto ezifana ne-balsa.Le yipropathi eluncedo xa imveliso egqityiweyo kufuneka ibe lula ngakumbi okanye ibe buoyant.Ngenjongo yokubumba inaliti, nangona kunjalo, lo ngomnye umzekelo wendlela ulwahlulo lokudityaniswa kwezinto ezidityanisiweyo zokhuni-zeplastiki ezinokukhokelela ekubeni kubekho okungaphezulu ekufuneka kuqwalaselwe kunokuba ezi mathiriyeli zaqala ukuthengisa.
Ukulungiswa kwamaqondo obushushu yindawo enye apho iiWPC zahluke kakhulu kwiiplastiki eziqhelekileyo.Ii-WPCs zisebenza ngokubanzi kumaqondo obushushu amalunga ne-50° F ngaphantsi kwesixhobo esifanayo esingazaliswanga.Uninzi lwezongezo zomthi ziya kuqalisa ukutshisa malunga ne-400 F.
Ukucheba ngomnye wemiba eqhelekileyo enokuthi ivele xa kusetyenzwa ii-WPCs.Xa utyhala izinto ezishushu kakhulu ngesango elincinci kakhulu, ukukhuhlana okwandisiweyo kunotyekelo lokutshisa iinkuni kwaye kukhokelela kwi-telltale streaking kwaye ekugqibeleni inokuthoba iplastiki.Le ngxaki inokuphetshwa ngokuqhuba ii-WPC kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubungakanani besango bufanelekile, kunye nokususa naluphi na ukujika okungadingekile okanye ii-angles ezichanekileyo ecaleni kwendlela yokucubungula.
Amaqondo obushushu okusebenza aphantsi athetha ukuba abavelisi abafane bafune ukufumana amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunepolypropylene yesintu.Oku kunciphisa umsebenzi onzima wokukhupha ubushushu kwinkqubo yokuvelisa.Akukho mfuneko yokongezwa kwezixhobo zokupholisa ngoomatshini, imingundo eyenzelwe ngokukodwa ukunciphisa ubushushu, okanye amanye amanyathelo angaqhelekanga.Oku kuthetha ukuba amaxesha omjikelo ancitshiswe ngakumbi kubavelisi, ngaphezulu kwamaxesha omjikelezo osele ukhawuleza ngenxa yobukho bezihluzi zendalo.
NGENXA YOKUKWEHLISA WPCs azikho nje zokuhombisa kwakhona.Balungiselelwa ukubumba inaliti, nto leyo ebavulela uluhlu oluninzi lwemveliso emitsha, ukusuka kwifanitshala yengca ukuya kwizinto zokudlala zasekhaya.Uluhlu olubanzi lwemixube ekhoyo ngoku lunokuphucula izibonelelo zezimathiriyeli ngokwemiqathango yozinzo, iyantlukwano yobuhle, kunye neempawu ezifana ne-buoyancy okanye ukuqina.Imfuno yezi zixhobo iya kunyuka kuphela njengoko ezi zibonelelo ziyaziwa ngcono.
Kwizinto zokubumba iinaliti, oku kuthetha ukuba inani lezinto eziguquguqukayo ezithe ngqo kuqulunqo ngalunye kufuneka luxelwe.Kodwa ikwathetha ukuba ababumbi kufuneka balindele imveliso ekufanelekele ngcono ukubunjwa kwenaliti kune-feedstock eyayichongwe ukuba ikhutshelwe kwiibhodi.Njengoko ezi mathiriyeli ziqhubeleka nokuphuhliswa, iinaliti zokubumba kufuneka ziphakamise umgangatho wazo weempawu abalindele ukuzibona kwizinto ezidibeneyo eziziswa ngababoneleli bazo.
Ufakelo olucinezelweyo olubandayo lunika enye indlela eyomeleleyo nengabizi kakhulu kwistaking sobushushu okanye ufakelo olufakwe nge-ultrasonically olufakwe imisonto.Fumana izibonelelo kwaye uyibone isebenza apha.(Imixholo exhaswayo)
Qala ngokukhetha iqondo lobushushu lokunyibilika ekujoliswe kulo, kwaye ujonge kabini amaphepha edatha yeengcebiso zomthengisi weresin.Ngoku okunye...
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-06-2019